FCP_FCT_AD-7.4 Fortinet NSE 6 - FortiClient EMS 7.4 Administrator Questions and Answers

Understanding the Automation Process:

In the Security Fabric, automation processes can include actions such as quarantining an endpoint after an IOC (Indicator of Compromise) detection.

Evaluating Responsibilities:

FortiClient EMS plays a crucial role in endpoint management and can send notifications to quarantine endpoints.

Conclusion:

The correct security fabric component that sends a notification to quarantine an endpoint after IOC detection is FortiClient EMS.

Observation of Logs:

The logs show a policy named "Fortinet-Training" being applied to the endpoint.

Evaluating Policies:

The log entries indicate that the "Fortinet-Training" policy was received and applied.

Conclusion:

Based on the logs, the currently applied policy on the FortiClient endpoint is "Fortinet-Training".

For adding user authentication to the ZTNA access for remote or off-fabric users, the following FortiGate feature is required in addition to ZTNA:

FortiGate explicit proxyallows FortiGate to intercept web traffic for authentication purposes.

ZTNA integrates with various FortiGate features to provide secure access and ensure that users are authenticated before accessing resources.

By using an explicit proxy, FortiGate can handle web traffic and enforce authentication policies for remote users who are not directly on the corporate network (off-fabric).

Thus, the correct feature to use for this requirement is the FortiGate explicit proxy.

References

FortiGate Security 7.2 Study Guide, ZTNA and Proxy Configuration Sections

Fortinet Documentation on FortiGate Explicit Proxy and ZTNA Integration

Understanding Compliance Rules:

The compliance rule for the sales department needs to be enforced dynamically.

Enforcing Compliance:

FortiGate is responsible for enforcing compliance by integrating with FortiClient EMS to apply dynamic access control based on compliance status.

Conclusion:

The Fortinet device that will enforce compliance with dynamic access control is the FortiGate.

According to theFortiClient EMS Administrator Study Guideand officialTechnical Tipsfrom Fortinet, when the web console is inaccessible (e.g., timing out), the administrator must use tools available directly on the server's operating system (CLI) to gather diagnostic information.

1. Why the CLI Diagnostic Tool (Answer A) is the Correct Choice:

Availability during Outage:When the GUI is unreachable, the standard "Generate Diagnostic Logs" option within the EMS interface is also unavailable.

Windows-based EMS:The administrator can manually run the EMSDiagnosticTool.exe located at C:\Program Files (x86)\Fortinet\FortiClientEMS\. This tool collects server information, Windows events, and EMS-specific logs into a compressed file for investigation.

Linux-based EMS (v7.4+):For newer versions running on Linux, the administrator can use the CLI command: sudo /opt/forticlientems/bin/diagnostic_tool -o /tmp/diag to generate a diagnostic package.

Service Verification:The CLI also allows administrators to verify if critical services (like fcems, apache2, or postgres) are running or if remote access has been disabled using the emscli utility.

2. Why Other Options are Incorrect:

B. Download webserver logs from PostgreSQL:PostgreSQL is the database engine for EMS, not the web server. While database logs are useful, they are not the primary method for gathering general "diagnostic information" and would typically be collected as part of the CLI diagnostic tool output rather than downloaded directly from the DB.

C. Diagnostic logs option from the GUI:This option is impossible to use if the administrator has lost web access and the page is timing out.

D. Download log generator from support site:While Fortinet provides various tools on their support site, theEMS Diagnostic Toolis natively installed with the FortiClient EMS software and is the primary, documented method for troubleshooting the EMS server itself.

Understanding ZTNA Rule Configuration:

The ZTNA rule configuration shown in the exhibit defines how traffic is managed and controlled based on specific tags and conditions.

Evaluating Rule Components:

The rule includes security profiles to protect traffic by applying various security checks (A).

The rule also enforces access control by determining which endpoints can access the specified resources based on the ZTNA tag (D).

Eliminating Incorrect Options:

SNAT (Source Network Address Translation) is not mentioned as part of this ZTNA rule.

The rule does not define the access proxy but uses it to enforce access control.

Conclusion:

The correct statements about the ZTNA rule are that it applies security profiles to protect traffic (A) and enforces access control (D).

Observation of Compliance Profile:

The compliance profile shown in the exhibit includes rules for vulnerability severity level and running process (Calculator.exe).

Evaluating Actions for Compliance:

To make the endpoint compliant, the administrator needs to ensure that the vulnerability severity level is medium or higher is patched (D).

Additionally, the Calculator.exe application must be running on the endpoint (B).

Eliminating Incorrect Options:

Enabling the web filter profile (A) is not related to the compliance rules shown.

Integrating FortiSandbox (C) is not a requirement in the given compliance profile.

Conclusion:

The correct actions are to run the Calculator application on the endpoint (B) and patch applications with vulnerabilities rated as high or above (D).

Based on theFortiClient EMS 7.2/7.4 Administration Guideand the provided exhibit of theSystem Settings Profile, the expected behavior for an invalid certificate connection is determined by theInvalid Certificate Actionsetting.

1. Analysis of the Exhibit

Location:The exhibit shows theSystem Settings Profile(specifically the "Default" profile).

Setting:At the bottom under theEndpoint Controlsection, the fieldInvalid Certificate Actionis configured.

Selected Action:The dropdown forInvalid Certificate Actiondisplays awarning icon(an orange triangle with an exclamation mark). In the FortiClient EMS GUI, this specific icon corresponds to the"Warn"action.

2. Verified Behavior (Option C)

According to the curriculum documents regardingEndpoint Communication Security:

Warn Action Behavior:When theInvalid Certificate Actionis set toWarn, FortiClient is instructed to display a warning message to the end user if the EMS server certificate is untrusted, expired, or has a hostname mismatch.

User Prompt:The warning message explicitly asks the user whether they wish to proceed with the connection despite the security risk or terminate the attempt.

Connection Logic:If the user manually accepts the warning, FortiClient will establish the Telemetry connection and "remember" the certificate for future sessions to avoid repeated prompts for that specific server.

3. Why Other Options are Incorrect

A. FortiClient is blocked:This behavior only occurs if the administrator selects the"Deny"action in the profile.

B. Additional password required:The password field shown at the top of the exhibit is for"Require Password to Disconnect From EMS", which prevents users from manually unregistering, but it does not bypass or resolve certificate errors.

D. EMS pushes a valid certificate:EMS cannot "push" a valid identity certificate to resolve a failed TLS handshake; a valid certificate must be manually installed on the EMS server by the administrator.

Observation of ZTNA Traffic Log:

The log message indicates that the remote user connection was denied due to failure to match a proxy policy.

Evaluating Log Message:

The message suggests that the connection does not match the existing ZTNA rule configuration, leading to the denial.

Conclusion:

The correct conclusion from the log message is that the remote user connection does not match the ZTNA rule configuration (B).

FortiClient provides comprehensive endpoint protection for your Windows-based, Mac-based, and Linuxbased desktops, laptops, file servers, and mobile devices such as iOS and Android. It helps you to safeguard your systems with advanced security technologies, all of which you can manage from a single management console.

Based on the error message and the XML configuration file shown in the exhibit:

The error "Failed to process the file" typically indicates an issue with the XML syntax.

Upon reviewing the XML content, it is crucial to ensure that all tags are correctly formatted, properly opened and closed, and that there are no syntax errors.

Resolving any XML syntax errors will allow FortiClient to successfully process and restore the configuration file.

Therefore, the administrator must resolve the XML syntax error to fix the issue.

References

FortiClient EMS 7.2 Study Guide, Configuration File Management Section

General XML Syntax Guidelines and Best Practices

When FortiClient is installed on a Windows Server, the default behavior for real-time protection control is:

Real-time protection is disabled:By default, FortiClient does not enable real-time protection on server installations to avoid potential performance impacts and because servers typically have different security requirements compared to client endpoints.

Thus, real-time protection is disabled by default on Windows Server installations.

References

FortiClient EMS 7.2 Study Guide, Real-time Protection Section

Fortinet Documentation on FortiClient Default Settings for Server Installations

Based on the settings shown in the exhibit, FortiClient is configured to scan files as they are downloaded or copied to the system. This means that if a user copies files to the “Resources” folder, which is not listed under exclusions, FortiClient will scan these files for infections. The exclusion path mentioned in the settings, "C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Resources", indicates that any files copied to this specific folder will not be scanned, but since the question implies that the “Resources” folder is not the same as the excluded path, FortiClient will indeed scan the files for infections.

Administrators can use several third-party tools to deploy FortiClient:

Microsoft SCCM (System Center Configuration Manager): SCCM is a robust tool used for deploying software across large numbers of Windows-based systems. It supports deployment of FortiClient through its software distribution capabilities.

Microsoft Active Directory GPO (Group Policy Object): GPOs are used to manage user and computer settings in an Active Directory environment. Administrators can deploy FortiClient to multiple machines using GPO software installation settings.

These tools provide centralized and scalable methods for deploying FortiClient across numerous endpoints in an enterprise environment.

References

FortiClient EMS 7.2 Study Guide, FortiClient Deployment Section

Fortinet Documentation on FortiClient Deployment using SCCM and GPO

Action On Virus Discovery Warn the User If a Process Attempts to Access Infected Files Quarantine Infected Files. You can use FortiClient to view, restore, or delete the quarantined file, as well as view the virus name, submit the file to FortiGuard, and view logs. Deny Access to Infected Files Ignore Infected Files

Understanding Multi-Tenancy Mode:

Multi-tenancy mode allows multiple independent sites or tenants to be managed from a single FortiClient EMS instance.

Evaluating Benefits:

Licenses can be shared among sites, making it cost-effective (B).

It provides granular access and segmentation, allowing for detailed control and separation between tenants (D).

Eliminating Incorrect Options:

Separate host servers managing each site (A) is not a feature of multi-tenancy mode.

The fabric connector's use of an IP address (C) is unrelated to multi-tenancy benefits.