NCREC-Broker-N NC Real Estate Broker National Questions and Answers

A bill of sale is the legal instrument used to transfer ownership of personal property—such as a tractor—from one party to another. While a deed is used for real property, and a personal property addendum may list included items in a real estate contract, the actual transfer of ownership for non-real items like equipment requires a bill of sale. Therefore, the correct answer is D.

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Under the Fair Housing Act, individuals with disabilities are permitted to make reasonable modifications to their rental unit at their own expense if the changes are necessary to afford them full enjoyment of the premises. The landlord or property manager must allow these modifications unless the property is government-subsidized housing, where the owner may be required to pay. Requiring medical proof or charging extra deposits beyond the cost of restoring the property (if applicable) is not allowed. Therefore, the correct answer is A.

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To find the likely selling price, first calculate the lot size in acres:

Lot size in square feet = 99 ft × 110 ft = 10,890 sq ft

1 acre = 43,560 sq ft

Lot size in acres = 10,890 ÷ 43,560 ≈ 0.25 acres

Now, multiply the lot size by the price per acre:

0.25 acres × $180,000 per acre = $45,000

However, option A is $45,000 but answer given is B $54,450— why?

If the question assumes a different calculation like adding some premium or slightly different acre conversion, the closest and most reasonable answer based on exact acreage and price is $45,000 (Option A).

But considering typical NC REALTOR® pricing calculations, they might use:

99 ft × 110 ft = 10,890 sq ft

Convert to acres = 10,890 ÷ 43,560 ≈ 0.25 acres

$180,000 × 0.25 = $45,000

So the correct answer should beA. $45,000.

An offer may be withdrawn at any time prior to acceptance and communication of that acceptance. Even if the offer specifies a time frame for response, it does not prevent the buyer from withdrawing it before acceptance. Since the seller had not accepted the offer, the buyer has the legal right to withdraw and receive their earnest money back. Therefore, the correct answer is C.

In North Carolina, theBroker‑In‑Charge (BIC)is responsible for supervisingall provisional brokersand ensuring they adhere to Commission rules. While a BIC may also supervise branch offices if appointed, the core statutory duty is direct supervision of licensed provisional brokers . Therefore,Option Dis the most accurate.

Federal antitrust laws, including the Sherman Antitrust Act, prohibit activities that restrict fair competition. One of the key prohibited practices is price-fixing—an agreement among competitors to set commission rates or pricing, which violates the requirement for competitive, independent business conduct. Price gouging is related to consumer protection during emergencies, and racial discrimination falls under fair housing law, not antitrust. Providing legal advice is a separate licensing concern. Therefore, A is correct.

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Encroachmentis a physical intrusion by a structure onto neighboring property. A garage that crosses property lines without permission is the textbook definition of encroachment, matching optionD. Options A and B involve non-physical use rights (easements), and C describes trespass or nuisance—but not an encroachment. Thus,Dis accurate per NCREC definitions.

Step 1: Determine assessed value

Market value = $630,000

Assessment rate = 50%

Assessed value = $630,000 × 0.50 = $315,000

Step 2: Calculate tax

Tax rate = $32 per $1,000

$315,000 ÷ $1,000 = 315

315 × $32 = $10,080

However, this result matches option C. Therefore:

Answer: C

Corrected Final Answer: C. $10,080

Explanation Confirmed: Assessed value is 50% of $630,000 = $315,000. Tax at $32 per $1,000 means $315 × $32 = $10,080. Correct answer is C.

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North Carolina License Law and Rules state that a buyer’s agent must disclose their agency statusat initial contactwith the seller or the seller’s agent. The statute explicitly requires agency disclosure at the earliest interaction. Thus,option Ais correct.

Steering is the illegal practice of guiding prospective buyers toward or away from certain neighborhoods based on race, ethnicity, religion, or other protected characteristics. Even if the request comes from the buyer, complying with such directions violates the Fair Housing Act. The correct answer is D — steering.

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According to theNCREC Broker National (Broker-N)guidelines and the Federal Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA), a real estate business may continue to contact a former client for up to18 monthsafter the conclusion of a transaction under the established business relationship exception, even if the client is on the National Do Not Call Registry. The NCREC’s official materials affirm this 18-month contact window.

Seller's estimated profit = Sale Price – Seller's Closing Costs – (Original Purchase Price + Original Closing Costs)

= $690,000 – $8,000 – ($410,000 + $3,000)

= $690,000 – $8,000 – $413,000 = $269,000

Correct answer: A

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Under NCREC rules, a broker must deposit any earnest money received (including cash) into the firm’s trust account within three banking days of receipt if the offer has been accepted. If the offer has not yet been accepted, the funds must be safeguarded and then deposited within three banking days following acceptance. Cash must be treated with particular care, and a detailed receipt should be provided. Therefore, the correct answer is C.

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Any change to the terms of an offer—regardless of how small—constitutes a rejection of the original offer and the creation of a counteroffer. In this case, the seller changed the earnest money amount, which is a material term of the offer. Therefore, the original offer is void and the seller has made a counteroffer that the buyer can now accept or reject. Correct answer: D.

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Redlining refers to the illegal practice by lenders of denying loans or altering loan terms based on the racial or ethnic composition of a neighborhood. This violates federal fair housing laws and is discriminatory in nature. Blockbusting involves inducing sellers to sell by suggesting that a minority group is moving in; steering involves directing buyers to or from neighborhoods based on race; boycotting is an antitrust violation. Therefore, C is the correct answer.

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The primary mortgage market is where loans are originated. Lenders such as commercial banks, credit unions, mortgage bankers, and savings institutions interact directly with borrowers. The Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) and Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) operate in the secondary market, purchasing existing loans. The Federal Housing Administration (FHA) insures loans but does not lend directly. Therefore, the correct answer is A.

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The Gross Rent Multiplier (GRM) is best suited for valuing small residential income properties, typically 1-4 units, where monthly rental income is a primary valuation factor. Among the options, a residential duplex (two units) fits this criteria perfectly. Larger multi-unit properties and commercial properties typically require more complex income capitalization approaches.

In North Carolina, joint tenancy includes the right of survivorship unless otherwise stated. If a deed says "as joint tenants," and right of survivorship is implied or established, then Harold’s share automatically passes to the surviving joint tenants (Jack and Jill), regardless of Harold’s will. Since nothing indicates the tenancy was anything other than traditional joint tenancy with survivorship, Jack and Jill receive Harold's share.

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Under NCREC rules, the Working With Real Estate Agents Disclosure must be presented and reviewed with a prospective buyer or seller at the first substantial contact. “Substantial contact” occurs when conversations begin to include personal, financial, or confidential information. It does not have to be tied to signing an agreement or making an offer. Therefore, the correct answer is B.

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According to the North Carolina Real Estate Commission, brokers must retain records related to a real estate transaction for a minimum of three years from the date of closing or termination of the transaction. These records include contracts, agency agreements, disclosures, and correspondence. Therefore, C is the correct answer.

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The total commission earned was 7% of the final sales price ($695,000 × 0.07 = $48,650).

The cooperating (buyer’s) broker received 3% ($695,000 × 0.03 = $20,850).

The listing brokerage firm retained the difference:

$48,650 – $20,850 = $27,800.

So, the listing firm earned $27,800 — answer C.

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Step 1: Calculate Gross Scheduled Income

6 units × $2,500/month × 12 months = $180,000

Step 2: Deduct Vacancy Loss (4%)

$180,000 × 0.04 = $7,200

Effective Gross Income = $180,000 − $7,200 = $172,800

Step 3: Add Other Income

$172,800 + $3,000 (advertising fees) = $175,800

Step 4: Subtract Operating Expenses (ignore debt service)

$175,800 − $40,000 = $135,800

Note: Net Operating Income (NOI) excludes debt service.

Correct answer: C

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North Carolina rules prohibit a broker from representing a buyer in the purchase of property in which the broker has an ownership interest, regardless of whether the property is a vacation home, primary residence, or investment. The potential for conflict of interest is considered too great, and no form of dual or designated agency is permitted in such situations. Therefore, the broker cannot represent the buyer under any circumstances.

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A mortgagee's (lender’s) title insurance policy protects the lender from financial loss caused by title defects that were not discovered before the mortgage was issued. The policy coverage lasts until the loan is repaid. The borrower pays a one-time premium at closing—it is not part of the monthly mortgage. Claims are based on the unpaid balance of the loan, not necessarily the full loan amount. Therefore, the correct answer is D.

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NCREC rules allow a broker to be affiliated with more than one firm or broker-in-charge at the same time, but only with the express written consent of both BICs. This is often the case when brokers want to work in both commercial and residential markets or split their time between geographic locations. Therefore, the correct answer is A.

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In determining whether an item is a fixture (real property) or personal property, North Carolina courts and the NCREC consider several tests: method of attachment, adaptability of the item for the real estate's purpose, intent of the person who installed it, and whether removal would cause damage. The cost of the item is irrelevant to whether it is a fixture or not. Therefore, the correct answer is B.

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According to NCREC rules, even when a seller selects “No Representation” on the RPOADS, the listing broker is obligated to disclose any material facts they know about the property to prospective buyers. A leaking basement is considered a material fact, and withholding that information would be a violation of license law and Commission rules. Therefore, the listing agent must disclose the leak to the buyer.

The cost approach to value involves three primary steps: (1) estimate the replacement or reproduction cost of the improvements, (2) subtract accrued depreciation, and (3) add the market value of the land. In this case, the appraiser has already estimated the cost to rebuild the structure. The next steps are to subtract any depreciation from the improvements and then add the land value to derive the final opinion of value. Labor costs are already factored into the reconstruction estimate and are not added again.

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According to Paragraph 12 of the NCAR/NCBA Offer to Purchase and Contract (Form 2-T), the settlement date may be extended by up to 7 calendar days if either party is acting in good faith and is prepared to settle. This flexibility ensures neither party is penalized for delays that are minor and in good faith, but it limits how long the contract can be extended before a material breach could occur. Therefore, the settlement date can be delayed up to 7 calendar days and still remain enforceable.

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Under the NC Tenant Security Deposit Act, for leases longer than month-to-month, landlords may charge a maximum security deposit equal to two months’ rent. In this case:

$1,500 × 2 = $3,000 maximum allowed.

However, the correct answer option closest to this is C: $2,250. Let's re-check.

Upon review:

If the lease is longer than month-to-month (e.g., annual lease), the maximum deposit is 2 months' rent:

$1,500 × 2 = $3,000 → Correct answer is D.

Correct Answer: D

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According to North Carolina Real Estate Commission rules, any compensation—monetary or non-monetary—that a broker expects to receive from someone other than their client (e.g., a gift card from a seller) must be disclosed in writing before the broker shows the property. Brokers owe this duty of disclosure regardless of the form or source of the compensation. Therefore, Chris must disclose the offer of the $500 gift card before showing that home to Ike.

According to the North Carolina Timeshare Act, a purchaser of a timeshare has the right to cancel the purchase without penalty within five (5) calendar days after execution of the contract. This right of rescission is non-waivable and must be disclosed in the contract. The cancellation does not require a reason and must be honored fully. Therefore, the correct answer is B.

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Under North Carolina agency rules,dual agencyis permissible only ifwritten informed consentis secured from both parties, and typically involvesdesignated agencyto avoid conflict of interest. Bernie could serve as thedesignated agentfor the seller (listing), and Mei could serve as thedesignated agentfor the buyer, each separately representing their client while the brokerage acts as dual agent at the firm level Option C accurately reflects this legal structure. Option A (non-designated dual agency) is rarely allowed, B leaves Bernie unrepresented for seller, and D improperly places one agent on both sides.

An executory contract is one in which terms have been agreed upon, but some or all of the obligations have yet to be performed. For example, a purchase contract where the closing has not yet occurred is executory. An executed contract is one where all parties have completed their obligations. A voidable contract is valid unless canceled by one party due to a legal defect. An unenforceable contract cannot be upheld in court. Therefore, the correct answer is B.

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