NS0-162 NetApp Certified Data Administrator (ONTAP) Questions and Answers

 To troubleshoot the issue of iSCSI LUNs not visible on the host, you should verify that the iSCSI data protocol has been enabled on the ports and that the controller has not been taken over. If the iSCSI data protocol is disabled on the ports, the storage system will not accept iSCSI connections or requests over those ports. If the controller has been taken over by its partner, the iSCSI LUNs on the taken-over node will not be available to the host. You can use the vserver iscsi connection show command to check the status of the iSCSI connections and the storage failover show command to check the status of the controller. References :- Troubleshoot iSCSI LUNs not visible on the host, vserver iscsi connection show, storage failover show

 The route is a network configuration that defines how the traffic from a LIF is routed to a destination. The route consists of a destination, a gateway, and a metric. The destination is the IP address or subnet that the LIF wants to reach. The gateway is the IP address of the next-hop router that forwards the traffic to the destination. The metric is a numerical value that indicates the preference of the route. In this scenario, the route for the SVM vs0 has a destination of 0.0.0.0/0, which means any IP address or subnet. The gateway is 10.61.208.1, which is the IP address of the router that connects the LIF to the rest of the network. The metric is 20, which is a relatively low value that indicates a high preference. However, the gateway is incorrect, as it does not match the subnet of the LIF. The LIF has an IP address of 192.0.2.130 and a netmask of 255.255.255.0, which means its subnet is 192.0.2.0/24. The gateway should be an IP address within the same subnet, such as 192.0.2.1. This would allow the LIF to communicate with the router and reach other destinations. The incorrect gateway causes connectivity issues, as the LIF cannot find a valid route to send or receive traffic. To resolve this issue, the route needs to be modified to reflect the correct gateway using the network route create or network route modify commands or the System Manager GUI12. References :- Create a route, Modify a route

To find out how many files are in the NAS volumes of the cluster and how old these files are, you can use the following two tools:

• ONTAP System Manager 9.8 provides a way for admins to find out file system information in any NAS storage volume quickly and easily by enabling a low-impact scanner for each volume. This scanner crawls the ONTAP file system in the background with a low priority job and delivers a wealth of information that is available as soon as you navigate to the volume details page. You can see the file and directory count, the file-age histograms, the capacity use, and other parameters for each volume1.
• ONTAP CLI provides the filestats command that can display a summary of file statistics within a volume on a storage system by reading the file information from a snapshot copy that you specify. You can use various options to filter the output by file size, file type, file age, and so on2.
• Active IQ Config Advisor and Active IQ Unified Manager are not the tools that can fulfill this requirement, as they are mainly used for monitoring and managing the health, performance, and configuration of the cluster, not the file system details of the volumes34. References :- Active IQ Config Advisor, Active IQ Unified Manager, How to report file sizes within a volume using the filestats command, ONTAP 9.8 Feature Overview.

To enable Active Directory (AD) domain users and groups to access the cluster or SVMs for administration purposes, you need to set up an authentication tunnel through an SVM that has a CIFS server created and joined to the domain. This can be either an existing CIFS SVM or a dedicated admin SVM. You also need to use the vserver active-directory create command to create a computer account on the domain for the SVM that you want to access. This command works for both CIFS and non-CIFS SVMs. Configuring an authentication tunnel through anadmin SVM or an existing CIFS SVM are both valid actions to accomplish this task. However, using the vserver active-directory create command to create a computer account on the domain for a CIFS SVM is not necessary, as this is done automatically when the CIFS server is created and joined to the domain. References :- Configure Active Directory domain controller access overview, How to configure AD authentication for cluster when CIFS is not licensed, Create a CIFS server

SMB Server in workgroup mode allows the SMB server to authenticate users locally without relying on a domain controller or name services. CIFS local users are users that are created and managed by the ONTAP CIFS server and can be used for CIFS authentication and authorization. These features are supported by ONTAP software for the IoT application that will use SMB shares on a remote ONTAP Select instance, where there are no name services and only a local network is available at the remote IoT site. Active Directory users and SMB3 Witness protocol are not supported in this scenario, as they require name services and network connectivity between the SMB server and the client. References :- Create an SMB server in a workgroup, Local users and groups concepts, Protocols CIFS local-users endpoint overview

 To add SSDs to existing HDD aggregates, you need to use the Automated Workload Analyzer (AWA) tool, which is a part of the Active IQ Performance Analytics service. AWA can help you to validate how many SSDs would improve performance by analyzing the workload characteristics and performance metrics of your cluster and providing recommendations for optimal SSD allocation. AWA can also help you to identify the best candidates for Flash Pool conversion, which is a feature that allows you to combine SSDs and HDDs in the same aggregate to improve performance and efficiency12.

• OnCommand Workflow Automation is not the tool that can help you to validate how many SSDs would improve performance, as it is mainly used for automating storage management tasks and workflows3.
• Active IQ Unified Manager is not the tool that can help you to validate how many SSDs would improve performance, as it is mainly used for monitoring and managing the health, performance, and configuration of the cluster, not the SSD allocation4.
• ONTAP System Manager is not the tool that can help you to validate how many SSDs would improve performance, as it is mainly used for performing basic administration and management tasks on the cluster, not the SSD optimization5. References :- Active IQ Performance Analytics, Flash Pool overview, OnCommand Workflow Automation overview, Active IQ Unified Manager overview, ONTAP System Manager overview.

The number of root aggregates that are created during deployment of two NetApp AFF A400 HA pairs is 8. Each AFF A400 HA pair consists of two nodes, and each node has one root aggregate that contains the root volume. Therefore, two AFF A400 HA pairs have 2 x 2 x 2 8 root aggregates in total. The other options are incorrect because they do not match the number of nodes and root aggregates in the scenario. References :- Manage node root volumes and root aggregates, AFF A400 All-Flash Storage Array

The correct action to solve the problem is to update the Selective LUN Map configuration for the LUN mapping. Selective LUN Map (SLM) is a feature that enables you to control which LUNs are visible to which hosts in an ONTAP cluster. SLM reduces the number of paths that are presented to the host and improves the performance and manageability of the SAN environment1. When you perform a volume move, the LUN mapping is automatically updated to include the new node as a destination node, but the old node remains as a source node until the move is completed. This causes ALUA to see twice the number of paths to the LUN, as both nodes are active for the LUN. To avoid this, you need to update the SLM configuration to remove the source node from the LUN mapping after the volume move is done2. Changing the MPIO policy on the host, ensuring that the fabric zoning is correct, or rebooting the host are not actions that would solve the problem, as they do not affect the LUN mapping or the ALUA state. References :- Selective LUN Map overview, How to use Selective LUN Map (SLM) with Volume Move

The UTA2 ports are converged network adapters that can support either 10Gb Ethernet and FCoE or Fibre Channel modes. To use FCP over the UTA2 ports, there are two possible methods:

• Connect onboard UTA2 ports to a Nexus switch and enable FCP: This method allows the UTA2 ports to remain in the 10Gb Ethernet mode, but use the FCoE protocol to transport FC frames over the Ethernet network. The Nexus switch acts as a FCoE forwarder that bridges the FCoE traffic from the UTA2 ports to the FC fabric. This method requires the Nexus switch to support FCoE and the UTA2 ports to have the correct SFP+ transceivers for 10Gb Ethernet.
• Swap the Ethernet transceivers in the UTA2 ports for FC transceivers, and configure the ports as target ports: This method changes the UTA2 ports from the 10Gb Ethernet mode to the FC mode, which allows the UTA2 ports to directly connect to the FC fabric. This method requires the UTA2 ports to have the correct SFP+ transceivers for FC and the ports to be configured as target ports using the ucadmin command.

The other two options are not valid methods to use FCP over the UTA2 ports:

• Swap the Ethernet transceivers in the UTA2 ports for 1Gbps transceivers, and configure the ports as target ports: This method is not possible because the UTA2 ports do not support 1Gbps Ethernet mode. The UTA2 ports can only operate in 10Gb Ethernet or FC modes.
• Change the existing UTA2 ports from 10 Gbps speed to 8 Gb speed: This method is not possible because the UTA2 ports do not support changing the speed without changing the mode. The UTA2 ports can only operate in 10Gb Ethernet or FC modes, and the speed is determined by the mode and the transceiver type.

References :- What are Unified Target Adapter (UTA2)/CNA Ports and how to configure them?, Change the UTA2 port from CNA mode to FC mode, Netapp Exam NS0-162 Questions and Answers - Update Dec 2023 - DumpsMate

The space guarantee setting determines how much space is reserved in the aggregate for the volume. A space guarantee of “none” means that no space is reserved for the volume, and the volume can use any available space in the aggregate. This approach to space management is called thin provisioning. This setting would prevent the hosting aggregates from showing a decrease in available space when creating new volumes, as long as the aggregate is not overcommitted. References :- How volume guarantees work with FlexVol volumes, How you set space guarantees for new or existing volumes, What is the impact of changing volume space-guarantee from “volume” to “none”?

When you perform an upgrade using ONTAP System Manager 9.8, you can use the automated nondisruptive update (ANDU) feature, which simplifies and streamlines the update process. The latest available images will appear in the ONTAP System Manager interface, and you can select the image you want to install. The update history is available within the ONTAP System Manager interface, and you can view the status and progress of the update. You do not need to manually upload the images to the cluster or download them from the NetApp Support site, as ONTAP System Manager will automatically download and upload the images as needed. References :- Automated nondisruptive ONTAP upgrade, How to Upgrade to ONTAP 9.8

The point-to-point topology is the simplest and most common way to connect a single host to a storage system using FC. It allows direct communication between two devices without any intermediate devices. The UTA2 ports on the AFF A220 cluster support the point-to-point topology when configured as FC ports. Therefore, to connect a single Windows host directly to the storage using FC, you need to use the point-to-point topology on all ports and make sure that the host and the storage have compatible FC settings, such as speed, WWPN, and zoning. The other options are not correct because they involve additional devices or topologies that are not necessary or supported for this scenario. References :- Quick guide - AFF A220, Detailed guide - AFF A220, ONTAP 9 SAN Configuration Guide

 SnapMirror Business Continuity (SM-BC) is a feature of ONTAP that enables zero RPO and RTO for mission-critical applications by synchronizing data and identity between two clusters. In the event of a site failure, an automatic unplanned failover (AUFO) operation occurs, which switches the roles of the primary and secondary clusters and resumes the client access. To trigger an AUFO, SM-BC relies on a component called ONTAP Mediator, which is a software service that monitors the health and connectivity of both clusters and initiates the failover when needed. ONTAP Deploy, Tiebreaker software, and Cloud Manager are not involved in the AUFO process for SM-BC. References :- SnapMirror Business Continuity overview, How SnapMirror Business Continuity works, ONTAP Mediator overview

 A thin-provisioned LUN is one for which storage is not reserved in advance, but allocated dynamically as it is needed. To create a thin-provisioned LUN, the -space-reservation parameter must be set to disabled, which means that the LUN does not reserve any space from the containing volume. The other parameters are either irrelevant or contradictory to thin provisioning. References :- Thin provisioning - NetApp, How to convert a volume or LUN from thick to thin provisioned, ONTAP - Provisioning volumes

 ONTAP System Manager and ONTAP CLI are two tools that you can use to monitor system performance in real time. ONTAP System Manager is a web-based interface that provides a graphical view of the cluster performance, including CPU, network, disk, and volume utilization. You can also drill down to view the performance of individual nodes, aggregates, LIFs, and protocols. ONTAP CLI is a command-line interface that provides various commands to view the performance statistics of the cluster, such as sysstat, statistics, qos, and perf. You can use these commands to view the performance metrics in different formats, intervals, and levels of detail. The other tools are not suitable for real-time performance monitoring, as they provide historical or predictive analysis. Active IQ Unified Manager is a tool that collects and analyzes performance data from multiple clusters and provides alerts, reports, and recommendations based on the data. Active IQ Digital Advisor is a tool that provides insights and recommendations for your NetApp systems based on data collected from AutoSupport. References :- Monitor cluster performance, What commands are useful to monitor performance in ONTAP 9?, Analyze performance graphs, NetApp launches monitoring, alerting, and troubleshooting for ONTAP from cloud

The easiest and fastest way to restore a single file from a Snapshot copy is to use the Windows Shadow Copy Client, which allows the user to access and restore Data ONTAP Snapshot files from the Previous Versions tab in the Properties menu. This does not require any CLI commands or ONTAP System Manager operations. References :- Restoring files from Snapshot copies, Restore a single file from a Snapshot copy

To deploy a 2-node ONTAP Select cluster with synchronous mirroring and high availability, you need to take the following two steps:

• Ensure that the ONTAP Select Deploy VM resides at a third location other than the two data centers. This is because the Deploy VM includes a mediator service that connects to each node in the active two-node clusters to monitor the HA pairs and assist in managing failures. The mediator service maintains the HA state information at a dedicated iSCSI target associated with each two-node cluster. If the Deploy VM is halted or fails, the mediator service is unavailable and HA capability is lost for the two-node clusters1.
• Use ONTAP Mediator service to make sure that you have a quorum for the two nodes. When a cluster consists of two nodes, it is not possible to achieve the quorum required when a node fails or loses communication. To resolve these types of split-brain situations, the mediator service helps the surviving node to determine whether it should take over the partner node or halt itself1.
• You do not need to install the SnapMirror Sync license on the cluster, as it is not required for synchronous mirroring. You can use the SnapMirror Synchronous (SM-S) feature, which is included in the ONTAP Select Premium license, to create a zero-recovery point objective (RPO) mirror relationship between two volumes on different clusters2.
• You do not need to use ONTAP Select Deploy to install the nodes on the physical hardware, as ONTAP Select is a software-defined storage solution that runs on VMware ESXi hosts. You can use ONTAP Select Deploy to create and manage ONTAP Select clusters and nodes on the virtualized hardware3. References :- ONTAP Select two-node clusters with HA, SnapMirror Synchronous overview, Deploy an ONTAP Select cluster using the CLI.

 A data LIF is a logical interface that provides data access to clients and applications using various protocols. A data LIF has a service data policy that defines the type of data service that the LIF can provide. In this scenario, to allow object storage access to a bucket that is hosted in ONTAP software, the data LIF must have the data-S3-server service data policy. This policy enables the data LIF to serve S3 requests from clients and applications that use the S3 protocol. The other service data policies are not relevant for this scenario12. References :- Create a data LIF, Service data policies for data LIFs

 To implement a secure and fast solution to recover files in your ONTAP cluster from ransomware, you need to ensure that there is a Snapshot copy schedule for every volume containing files and that the option to show previous versions on each share is activated. Snapshot copies are point-in-time, read-only copies of your data that are immune to ransomware encryption and can be used to restore your files quickly. You need to have a Snapshot copy schedule for every volume to ensure that you have frequent and consistentbackups of your data. The option to show previous versions on each share enables the users to access the Snapshot copies of their files from their Windows Desktop using the Previous Versions tab in the file properties. This way, the users can easily recover their files without involving the storage administrator. The other options are not correct because they are not necessary or supported for this scenario. The option to show previous versions on the SVM is not relevant for the users, as they access the shares, not the SVM. The option to copy a FlexClone of each volume containing files is not supported by ONTAP, as FlexClone is a feature that creates writable clones of volumes or LUNs, not copies. References :- Restore data after a ransomware attack - NetApp, Fighting Ransomware: Part Six – Recover Data Fast with ONTAP Snapshot Copies Blog - NetApp, How to Recover Files from Ransomware Attack [Full Guide 2022]

 To make the destination NAS volume writable, you need to break the SnapMirror relationship using the snapmirror break command from the destination cluster, and then use the volume mount command to mount the NAS volume in the NFS namespace. Breaking the SnapMirror relationship will make the destination volume read/write and allow clients to access the latest Snapshot copy. Mounting the volume in the NFS namespace will make the volume visible to the clients and enable them to access the data. The other options are not correct because:

• Deleting the SnapMirror relationship from the destination cluster will not make the destination volume writable, but rather remove the relationship configuration and history. This will prevent future resynchronization or updates of the relationship.
• Breaking the SnapMirror relationship using the snapmirror break command from the source cluster will not work, because the source cluster is unavailable due to networking issues. The command must be run from the destination cluster. References :- Break the SnapMirror relationship, Mount a volume in the namespace

 ONTAP auditing generates binary log files that record the file and folder access events based on the audit policies. By default, ONTAP converts the binary log files to the EVTX file format, which is compatible with Microsoft Event Viewer. The EVTX files are stored in a location specified by the SVM administrator. To view the audit event logs, you can import the EVTX files into Microsoft Event Viewer and filter, sort, and analyze the events. You can also use other tools that support the EVTX file format, such as Microsoft Log Parser or third-party software12. The other options are not valid ways to accomplish this task. References :- View the audit event logs, How to access audit logs?

The performance capacity report shows the current and optimal performance metrics for the CPU resource on each node of the cluster. The current metrics reflect the actual workload on the resource, while the optimal metrics reflect the workload that would result in the best performance. The performance capacity, or headroom, is the difference between the current and optimal metrics. A low or negative headroom indicates that the resource is over utilized and may experience performance degradation. The exhibit shows that both nodes have negative headroom for the CPU resource, which means that the CPU has been over utilized. A storage failover event will cause performance issues, as the surviving node will have to handle the workload of both nodes, which will further reduce the headroom and increase the latency. References :- Identify remaining performance capacity, What is Performance Capacity in ONTAP 9 and Unified Manager?