CRT-450 Salesforce Certified Platform Developer I (SP23) Questions and Answers

 A trigger is a piece of Apex code that executes before or after certain events, such as insert, update, delete, or undelete1. An aggregate function is a function that performs a calculation on a set of values and returns a single value, such as SUM, COUNT, AVG, MIN, or MAX2. A roll-up summary field is a field that calculates values from related records, such as those in a related list3. However, roll-up summary fields are only available for master-detail relationships, not for lookup relationships3. Therefore, to achieve a similar functionality for a custom object that is not in a master-detail relationship with the Opportunity object, a trigger can be written on the child object that uses an aggregate function to sum the amount for all related child objects under the Opportunity object. The trigger should handle different scenarios, such as insert, update, delete, or undelete of the child records, and update the corresponding Opportunity record accordingly. References:

• Triggers | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• Aggregate Functions | SOQL and SOSL Reference | Salesforce Developers
• Roll-Up Summary Field | Salesforce Help
• [Custom Roll-up Summary on Account Object | Salesforce Developer Guide - SFDCian]

The aspect of Apex programming that is limited due to multitenancy is the number of records processed in a loop. Multitenancy is a means of providing a single application to multiple organizations, such as different companies or departments within a company, from a single hardware-software stack. This results in a standard environment that is fully operated and managed by Salesforce, which is much more efficient and cost-effective for your company. However, multitenancy also imposes some limits and governor rules on the Apex code that runs on the Salesforce Platform, to ensure that no single organization can monopolize the shared resources and affect the performance and reliability of other organizations. One of these limits is the number of records that can be processed in a loop, which is 200 for synchronous Apex and 2000 for asynchronous Apex. This means that if you have a loop that iterates over a collection of records, such as a list or a set, you cannot process more than 200 or 2000 records at a time, depending on the context of your Apex code. If you try to process more records than the limit, you will get a System.LimitException error. To avoid hitting this limit, you need to use best practices such as using SOQL for loops, using collections and maps, using bulkified methods, and using asynchronous Apex.

The other options are not aspects of Apex programming that are limited due to multitenancy. The number of active Apex classes is not limited by multitenancy, but by the total size of all Apex classes in your organization, which is 6 MB for Enterprise Edition and 36 MB for Unlimited Edition. The number of methods in an Apex class is not limited by multitenancy, but by the maximum number of characters in an Apex class, which is 1,000,000. The number of records returned from database queries is not limited by multitenancy, but by the SOQL query row limit, which is 50,000 for synchronous Apex and 200,000 for asynchronous Apex.

References: Apex Governor Limits, Multitenancy and Metadata Overview, Prepare for Your Salesforce Platform Developer I Credential

In this scenario, a formula field is the most appropriate choice to calculate the ratio between rejected and approved timesheets for a given project. This is because formula fields automatically calculate their values based on other fields’ values, requiring no additional maintenance or manual intervention. They are used for read-only purposes and are visible to users if they have read access to the object containing the formula field. To create the formula field, the developer can use the following expression:

IF(Total_Approved_Timesheets__c > 0, Total_Rejected_Timesheet__c / Total_Approved_Timesheets__c, 0)

This expression checks if the total approved timesheets is greater than zero, and if so, divides the total rejected timesheets by the total approved timesheets. Otherwise, it returns zero. This formula field will display the ratio as a decimal number, which can be formatted as a percentage if desired.

References: The use of formula fields for automatic calculations can be referenced in the Salesforce Platform Developer I learning documents, specifically in modules that cover objects and fields management, such as:

• Create Object Relationships
• Data Modeling
• Formula Operators and Functions by Context

Declarative customizations are the ones that can be done using the point-and-click tools provided by Salesforce, such as Process Builder, Flow Builder, Lightning App Builder, etc. Code customizations are the ones that require writing Apex, Visualforce, or Lightning Web Components. Some of the benefits of using declarative customizations over code are:

• Declarative customizations automatically update with each Salesforce release. This means that whenever Salesforce improves or adds a new feature to its declarative tools, the existing customizations will be compatible and take advantage of the enhancement without any additional effort from the developer1.
• Declarative customizations generally require less maintenance. This is because declarative customizations are easier to create, modify, and debug than code customizations. They also do not require writing test classes or deploying to different environments, which can save time and resources2.

The other two options are not true benefits of declarative customizations over code:

• Declarative customizations do not automatically generate test classes. Test classes are only required for code customizations, and they have to be written manually by the developer. Test classes are used to ensure the quality and functionality of the code, and to meet the code coverage requirement for deployment3.
• Declarative customizations can still generate run time errors. Run time errors are the ones that occur when the application is running, and they can be caused by various factors, such as invalid data, logic errors, or system limits. Declarative customizations are not immune to run time errors, and they have to be handled properly by the developer using error handling techniques.

References:

• Clicks Not Code: Benefits of Declarative Vs. Imperative Programming - Salesforce)
• When to Click Instead of Write Code - Salesforce Developers)
• Apex Testing - Salesforce Developers)
• Error Handling in Flows - Salesforce Help)

Adding system.debug statements to the code is a common and effective way to troubleshoot issues with Apex triggers. System.debug statements allow the developer to log messages, variables, or expressions to the debug log, which can be viewed in the Developer Console or other tools1. By adding system.debug statements at strategic points in the trigger code, the developer can track the execution flow, check the values of variables, and identify the root cause of the issue. Disabling the trigger in production is not a good practice, as it can affect the business logic and data integrity of the org2. Using the Apex Interactive Debugger is a powerful tool that allows the developer to set breakpoints, inspect variables, and execute code line by line, but it requires a paid license and a supported IDE3. Reviewing the Historical Event logs can provide useful information about the performance, security, and usage of the org, but it may not be sufficient to pinpoint the exact issue with the trigger4. References:

• Debug Your Code | Salesforce Trailhead
• Triggers | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• Apex Interactive Debugger | Salesforce Developer Tools
• Event Monitoring | Salesforce Trailhead

 To allow reporting on which companies have reported which bugs, a junction object between Bug__c and Account is needed. A junction object is a custom object with two master-detail relationships, one to each of the objects it is joining. A junction object allows many-to-many relationships between objects, such as Bug__c and Account in this scenario. With a junction object, each bug can be related to multiple accounts, and each account can be related to multiple bugs. A roll-up summary field, a lookup field, or a master-detail field would not allow this kind of relationship, as they only support one-to-many or one-to-one relationships between objects. References:

• Define Relationships Between Custom Objects (Trailhead Module)
• Relationships Among Objects (Salesforce Developer Documentation)
• Free Salesforce Platform Developer 1 Practice Exam (With Answers) (Salesforce Ben)

A master-detail relationship is a parent-child relationship in which the master (parent) record controls certain behaviors of the detail (child) record, such as security, ownership, and deletion. A re-parentable master-detail relationship allows the detail record to be moved to a different master record, as long as the user has the appropriate permissions. This relationship implementation supports the requirements of calculating the total amount on an Order, calculating the line amount for each Line Item, and moving Line Items to a different Order. A lookup relationship is a looser association between two objects, in which the parent record does not control the behaviors of the child record. A re-parentable lookup relationship also allows the child record to be moved to a different parent record, but it does not support the automatic roll-up summary fields or cascade deletion that are needed for the requirements. Therefore, option A is the correct relationship implementation for the scenario. References: Relationships Among Objects | Salesforce Help, Cert Prep: Platform Developer I: Data Modeling

An Assignment Flow element is a logic element that allows you to set values in variables, collection variables, record variables, record collection variables, and global variables1. You can use an Assignment Flow element to assign the support representative name to the custom field on the Case object based on the case origin. This way, you can automate the case assignment process without writing any code or using any formula. A trigger, a formula field, and a validation rule are not the best solutions for this scenario, as they either require code, are not dynamic, or do not change the field value. References: 1: Flow Element: Assignment - Salesforce

 To make an Apex method available to be wired to a property in a Lightning web component, the developer should use the @AuraEnabled annotation with the cacheable parameter set to true. This indicates that the method is meant to be used in a read-only manner and that the results can be cached on the client. This improves the performance and user experience of the Lightning web component. The @RemoteAction annotation is used for Visualforce remoting, not for Lightning web components. The @AuraEnabled annotation without the cacheable parameter is used for imperative Apex methods that are invoked from a Lightning web component’s JavaScript controller. The @RemoteAction(cacheable=true) annotation is not valid syntax. References: Call Apex Methods, Apex Annotations

The correct option is C, which includes the import statement for an Apex method named updateAccounts in the class AccountController. In Salesforce, to use an Apex method in a Lightning Web Component (LWC), you need to import it using a specific syntax. The syntax includes the import keyword followed by the method name from '@salesforce/apex/ClassName.MethodName'. This makes the Apex method available for use within the LWC. References:

• 1: Order of Execution (Apex Developer Guide)
• 2: Use a Static Resource (Lightning Web Components Developer Guide)
• 3: Call Apex Methods | Lightning Web Components Developer Guide …
• 4: Wire Apex Methods to Components | Lightning Web Components Developer …
• 5: How to call the apex method in lightning web component
• 6: Using Apex | Lightning Aura Components Developer Guide | Salesforce …

 In Salesforce, the sharing rules are always enforced for the running user if not explicitly stated otherwise. The running user’s permissions and field-level security are always enforced, regardless of whether the class is defined with or without sharing. So in this case, since there is no explicit sharing declaration in the provided code snippet, it defaults to enforcing the sharing rules for the running user. References:

• Apex Developer Guide: Using the with sharing, without sharing, and inherited sharing Keywords
• Trailhead: Apex Sharing and Security

The correct definition of the Apex method is shown in option C. This Apex method is defined as an invocable method, meaning it can be called from a process or flow. It’s marked with the @InvocableMethod annotation. The method returns a list of lists of recommendations and takes a list of ContactWrapper objects as input, which allows for bulk processing of records in flows. References:

• Certification - Platform Developer I - Trailhead, Section 5. Exam Outline, Topic: Logic and Process Automation, Weight: 46%, Objective: Describe how to use declarative and programmatic methods to create custom user interfaces on the Lightning Platform.
• [Call Apex Methods from Lightning Web Components], Trailhead Module, Unit: Call Apex Methods Imperatively
• [SOQL and SOSL Queries], Salesforce Developer Guide, Chapter: SOQL and SOSL Reference

When Apex code executes inside the execute() method of an Apex class that implements the Batchable interface, the following statements are true regarding governor limits:

• The Apex governor limits might be higher due to the asynchronous nature of the transaction. Asynchronous Apex, such as Batch Apex, runs in a separate thread from the main execution and can have higher limits for some resources, such as heap size and CPU time12. For example, the maximum heap size for synchronous Apex is 6 MB, while for asynchronous Apex it is 12 MB1.
• The Apex governor limits are reset for each iteration of the execute() method. Each execution of a batch Apex job is considered a discrete transaction, and the governor limits are reset for each transaction12. For example, a batch Apex job that contains 1,000 records and is executed without the optional scope parameter from Database.executeBatch is considered five transactions of 200 records each1.

The other statements are not true because:

• The Apex governor limits are relaxed while calling the constructor of the Apex class. This statement is false, because the constructor of the Apex class is executed in the same context as the caller of the Database.executeBatch method, and the same governor limits apply2. For example, if the constructor is called from a trigger, the trigger governor limits are enforced2.
• The Apex governor limits cannot be exceeded due to the asynchronous nature of the transaction. This statement is false, because the asynchronous nature of the transaction does not prevent the Apex governor limits from being exceeded. If some Apex code exceeds a limit, the associated governor issues a runtime exception that can’t be handled1. For example, if the execute() method performs more than 200 SOQL queries, the Too many SOQL queries exception is thrown1.

References:

• : Apex Governor Limits
• : Using Batch Apex

• Rollup summary fields can cause the parent record to go through Save. This is true because when a child record is created, updated, or deleted, the parent record is also updated to reflect the changes in the rollup summary field. This update can cause the trigger on the parent object to fire again, which can affect the performance and logic of the trigger1.
• The trigger may fire multiple times during a transaction. This is true because triggers can be invoked by other triggers, workflow rules, or processes in the same transaction. This can result in multiple trigger executions for the same record, which can also affect the performance and logic of the trigger2.
• Duplicate rules are executed once all DML operations commit to the database. This is false because duplicate rules are executed before the DML operations are committed to the database. Duplicate rules are part of the validation rules that are run before the triggers3.
• The validation rules will cause the trigger to fire again. This is false because validation rules are run before the triggers, and they do not cause the triggers to fire again. Validation rules only prevent the record from being saved if the validation fails4.

References:

• 1: Roll-Up Summary Fields
• 2: Triggers and Order of Execution
• 3: Duplicate Management
• 4: Validation Rules

 To create a form that will create a record for a custom object, the developer can use a Dynamic Form, which is a Lightning App Builder component that allows you to customize the fields and sections of a record page layout1. A Dynamic Form can also use visibility rules to display different fields based on the user’s profile, role, or other criteria2. To add the functionality to the Account record page, the developer can use a Dynamic Action, which is a way to configure actions on a record page without code3. A Dynamic Action can also use visibility rules to show or hide actions based on the user’s profile, role, or other criteria4. To restrict the functionality to a small group of users, the developer can create a Custom Permission, which is a way to grant access to custom processes or apps5. A Custom Permission can be assigned to a permission set or a profile, and then assigned to the users who need it. References:

• Dynamic Forms | Salesforce Trailhead
• Visibility Rules for Dynamic Forms | Salesforce Help
• Dynamic Actions | Salesforce Trailhead
• Visibility Rules for Dynamic Actions | Salesforce Help
• Custom Permissions | Salesforce Trailhead
• [Assign Custom Permissions | Salesforce Help]

In Apex, if a SOQL query returns more than one row and the result is assigned to a single sObject variable, an exception will be thrown. This is because a single sObject variable can only hold one record. In this case, since myAccount is declared as a single Account object, it cannot hold more than one record. If the SOQL query returns more than one Account, an unhandled exception occurs, and the code terminates. References: The behavior can be understood from the Apex Developer Guide under the section of SOQL Queries 

The developer should write a class that implements the HTTPCalloutMock interface to provide test coverage for the Apex code that calls out to an external system. The HTTPCalloutMock interface enables you to inject fake responses into the callout response in a test method, so that you can isolate your Apex logic from any dependency on the external system. The interface has one method, respond, that returns a predefined HTTPResponse object when the Apex code calls the HTTPRequest.send method. By using the HTTPCalloutMock interface, you can test your Apex code without actually calling the external system, which saves time and avoids hitting callout limits. The other options are not valid ways to mock a callout in a test method. The HTTPCalloutMock interface is not a class, so it cannot be extended. The WebserviceMock interface is used to mock a SOAP web service callout, not a RESTful HTTP callout. The WebserviceMock interface is also not a class, so it cannot be extended either. References:

• Apex Developer Guide: Testing HTTP Callouts by Implementing the HttpCalloutMock Interface, pages 1-2
• Trailhead: Platform Developer I Certification Study Guide: Apex Testing, unit 6

The code snippet uses a for loop to create a list of 200 Account objects, each with a unique name. Then, it uses the Database.insert method to insert the list of accounts into the database in one DML operation. The Database.insert method returns a list of Database.SaveResult objects, which contain information about the success or failure of each record insertion. However, the code snippet does not check the results or handle any errors that might occur. Therefore, the result of the code snippet is that 200 accounts are inserted, unless an exception is thrown due to a trigger, validation rule, governor limit, or other reason. References:

• Apex Developer Guide: Using Database Methods
• Apex Developer Guide: Bulk DML Exception Handling
• Trailhead: Apex Basics & Database

The result of the following code is that the record will not be created and an exception will be thrown. This is because the code is trying to insert a record with a null value for a required field, which violates the database constraints and causes a DMLException1. The code does not handle the exception with a try-catch block, so the exception will propagate to the caller and terminate the execution2. The debug log will show the exception message and stack trace, but the record will not be inserted in the database.

Java

Account a = new Account();

a.Name = null;

insert a;

AI-generated code. Review and use carefully. More info on FAQ.

The other options are incorrect. Option B is incorrect because the record will not be created and the debug log will show an exception, not a message. Option C is incorrect because the record will not be created and an error will be reported as an exception. Option D is incorrect because the record will not be created and an error will be reported as an exception. References:

• DMLException Class | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• Exception Handling | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers

In Salesforce, the sharing context is determined by the definition of the class where a method is defined, not where it is invoked or instantiated. Since there’s no “with sharing” or “without sharing” keyword in the class definition in the provided example, it operates in system context. In system context, Apex code has access to all objects and fields— object permissions, field-level security, sharing rules aren’t applied for the current user. References: Apex Developer Guide

The problem of duplicate order records is caused by the integration not being able to identify the existing order record in Salesforce and creating a new one instead. To prevent this, the integration needs to use a unique identifier that can match the order record in both systems. The order number in the OMS can serve as such an identifier, if it is guaranteed to be unique and not reused. Therefore, the following actions can prevent the duplicate order records from being created in Salesforce:

• Option A: Ensure that the order number in the OMS is unique. This will ensure that there is no ambiguity or confusion when matching the order records in both systems.
• Option B: Use the order number from the OMS as an external ID. An external ID is a custom field that can be used to store a unique identifier from an external system. By using the order number from the OMS as an external ID, the integration can use the upsert operation to either insert a new order record or update an existing one based on the external ID value.

References:

• Trailhead: Data Modeling (1)
• Trailhead: Data Integration (2)
• Apex Developer Guide: Upserting Records (3)

 The code snippet uses the ternary operator in Apex, which is a shorthand way of writing an if-else statement. The syntax is condition ? value_if_true : value_if_false. The condition is evaluated first, and then either the value_if_true or the value_if_false is returned, depending on the result of the condition. In this case, the condition is a > b, which is false, since a is 1 and b is 2. Therefore, the value_if_false is returned, which is a, which is 1. Hence, the value of x is 1. References:

• Apex Basics for .NET Developers, page 9
• [Apex Developer Guide], section “Ternary Operator”

The developer can use the Laptop interface within the SilverLaptop class by using the keyword ‘implements’. This keyword indicates that the SilverLaptop class is implementing the Laptop interface, which means that it must provide a body for all the methods declared in the interface. For example, the SilverLaptop class can implement the Laptop interface as follows:

public class SilverLaptop implements Laptop { // code implementation public void turnOn() { // code to turn on the laptop } public void turnOff() { // code to turn off the laptop } }

The other options are not valid ways to use the Laptop interface within the SilverLaptop class. Option A uses the annotation ‘@Extends’, which is not a valid syntax in Apex. Option B uses the keyword ‘extends’, which is used to indicate inheritance between classes, not interfaces. Option C uses the annotation ‘@Interface’, which is also not a valid syntax in Apex.

References: Interfaces | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers, Prepare for Your Salesforce Platform Developer I Credential

• Bulk API is a RESTful API that allows you to load or delete large sets of data in Salesforce. It does not bypass the storage limits of your environment, but it can handle more records and run faster than other APIs12. Bulk API is useful for development, testing, and integration scenarios.
• Developer and Developer Pro sandboxes are two types of sandboxes that you can use to create and test applications in Salesforce. They have different storage limits and refresh intervals. Developer sandboxes have a 200 MB data storage limit and can be refreshed once per day. Developer Pro sandboxes have a 1 GB data storage limit and can be refreshed once every 5 days3 .
• Data import wizard is a web-based tool that you can use to import or update up to 50,000 records in Salesforce. It is not a client application, but a feature that is available in the Setup menu of Salesforce .

References:

• 1: Bulk API Developer Guide
• 2: Cert Prep: Platform Developer I: Data Modeling and Management
• 3: Sandbox Types and Templates
• : Cert Prep: Platform Developer I: Testing and Debugging
• : [What Is the Data Import Wizard?]
• : Cert Prep: Platform Developer I: Business Logic and Process Automation

 The code snippet is likely to exceed the governor limit for the total number of records retrieved by SOQL queries. In Salesforce, there is a limit on the total number of records that can be retrieved by SOQL queries in a transaction. This limit helps in preventing the overconsumption of shared resources. If a Lightning web component tries to retrieve more than 50,000 records, it will hit this governor limit1.

The code snippet has a SOQL query inside a for loop, which is a bad practice and should be avoided. The query retrieves all the lead records with the Origin_c field, regardless of whether they are related to the current component or not. This can result in a large number of records being returned, especially if the environment has more than 2,000 lead records. The query also does not use any filters or limits to reduce the number of records. The code then updates the LeadSource field of each record and performs a DML operation inside the loop, which is another bad practice and should be avoided. The DML operation can also trigger other processes, such as workflows, triggers, or validation rules, that can consume more resources and cause other governor limits to be exceeded.

A better way to write the code would be to use a list variable to store the lead records that need to be updated, and use a SOQL query outside the loop with filters and limits to retrieve only the relevant records. Then, iterate over the list and update the LeadSource field of each record. Finally, perform a single DML operation outside the loop to update the list of records. This way, the code will reduce the number of SOQL queries and DML statements, and the number of records retrieved and processed.

References:

• Apex Governor Limits | Salesforce Developer Limits and Allocations Quick Reference | Salesforce Developers
• Apex Code Best Practices | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• SOQL For Loops | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers

The @HttpInvocable annotation is used to expose an Apex class as a RESTful web service. This allows the class to be invoked by a REST client, enabling external systems to interact with Salesforce via the API. The methods within the class that are exposed as REST web services must be static and global or public. References: Apex Developer Guide

The number of times a trigger can fire depends on the number of records that are processed and the number of DML operations that are performed. Some operations can cause the trigger to fire multiple times, either by updating the same records or by updating related records. These operations include:

• Process Flows: A process flow is a declarative tool that can automate complex business processes by executing actions based on criteria. A process flow can update the same record that triggered it, or a related record, which can cause the trigger to fire again1.
• Workflow Rules: A workflow rule is a declarative tool that can automate tasks and field updates based on criteria. A workflow rule can update the same record that triggered it, or a related record, which can cause the trigger to fire again2.
• Roll-Up Summary fields: A roll-up summary field is a custom field that aggregates child record information into a parent record. A roll-up summary field can update the parent record when a child record is inserted, updated, deleted, or undeleted, which can cause the trigger to fire again3.

The other options do not affect the number of times a trigger can fire. Criteria-based sharing calculations and email messages do not update records or cause DML operations. References:

• Process Automation | Salesforce Help
• Workflow Rules | Salesforce Help
• Roll-Up Summary Fields | Salesforce Help

This is because when a DML exception is thrown, it means that the operation failed due to some error, such as a validation rule, a trigger, or a governor limit. If the exception is not handled, it will cause the entire transaction to roll back and display an unhandled exception message to the user. To handle exceptions gracefully, the developer should use a try/catch block to catch the exception and handle it in a way that does not disrupt the user experience, such as logging the error, displaying a custom message, or retrying the operation. References: The use of try/catch blocks for handling exceptions is covered under Apex basics on Trailhead1. You can also find more information on DML exceptions and how to handle them in the Apex Developer Guide2.

 Scratch orgs are short-term Salesforce environments that you can spin up to work on a feature. They are source-driven and disposable, meaning you can create and delete them as needed. They are fully configurable, allowing you to emulate different Salesforce editions with different features and settings. You can also install packages and deploy synthetic or dummy data for testing. Scratch orgs are ideal for developing in a source-driven way, as they enable source tracking, which keeps your local source files and the metadata in your org in sync. You can use Salesforce CLI or an IDE to create, open, and manage scratch orgs. Scratch orgs are different from other types of Salesforce orgs, such as Developer sandboxes, Full Copy sandboxes, and Developer orgs, which are long-term, persistent, and not source-driven. References:

• Scratch Orgs from the Salesforce DX Developer Guide
• Develop in Scratch Orgs from the Lightning Web Components Developer Guide
• Manage Scratch Orgs from the Dev Hub Org from the Salesforce DX Developer Guide

The test method fails in the sandbox test framework because it relies on existing data in the sandbox, which may not be consistent or available for the test execution. The Apex test framework uses a separate test data context that is rolled back after the test execution, so any data that is queried or inserted by the test method must be created within the test method or by using the @testSetup annotation. The Execute Anonymous window, on the other hand, runs the Apex logic in the current user context and can access the existing data in the sandbox. Therefore, the Apex logic may succeed in the Execute Anonymous window but fail in the test framework. References:

• Apex Testing (Salesforce Developer Documentation)
• Isolation of Test Data from Organization Data in Unit Tests (Salesforce Developer Documentation)
• Free Salesforce Platform Developer 1 Practice Exam (With Answers) (Salesforce Ben)

To share a specific Case-Defect_c record with a user, the developer should share the parent Case and Defect_c records. This is because the Case-Defect_c object is a junction object that has two master-detail relationships with the Case and Defect_c objects. A junction object inherits the sharing and security settings from its two master objects, so the user needs to have access to both of them to view the junction object record1. Sharing only one of the parent records is not sufficient, as the user will not be able to see the other related record. Sharing only the junction object record is not possible, as it does not have its own sharing settings.

References:

• 1: Create a Junction Object

In Salesforce, a controller and extension for a custom object on a Visualforce page can be specified using the  tag. The standardController attribute is used to associate the page with a standard or custom object, and the extensions attribute is used to specify an Apex class that extends the functionality of the standard or custom controller. The code snippet in option C, , correctly demonstrates this by associating the Visualforce page with a custom object named “Notice” and specifying an extension named “myControllerExtension”. References: You can find more information about controllers and extensions in the Visualforce Developer Guide and the [Apex Developer Guide] on Salesforce’s official website.

A roll-up summary field calculates values from a set of related records, such as those in a related list. You can create a roll-up summary field on the object that is on the master side of a master-detail relationship, such as the Order object, and summarize the values of a field in the detail records, such as the Order Line items. You can choose the SUM roll-up type to get the total of all Order Line item totals on the Order record. This is the best practice because it does not require any code or additional actions to maintain the accuracy of the field value. References: Implement Roll-Up Summary Fields Unit | Salesforce Trailhead, Roll-Up Summary Field - Salesforce, How to create Roll-Up Summary fields in Salesforce

 A standard list controller provides a list of records of a specific object type, such as Contact, and allows you to create Visualforce pages that can display or act on that data1. A standard list controller is suitable for this purpose, because it can easily query the contacts owned by the current user and display them in a table or list. A standard list controller also supports pagination, sorting, filtering, and mass actions2. A standard controller provides access to a single record of a specific object type, such as Account, and is not suitable for displaying a list of records1. A lightning controller is a JavaScript controller that handles user interactions and events in a Lightning web component, and is not related to Visualforce pages3. A custom controller is an Apex class that implements all the logic for a Visualforce page, and requires writing more code than using a standard list controller1. References:

• Standard Controllers and Standard List Controllers | Visualforce Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• Using Standard List Controllers | Visualforce Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• Lightning Web Components Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers

To check the test coverage of active Process Builder and Flows deploying them in a Change Set, a developer can use SOQL and the Tooling API. The Tooling API provides the FlowTestCoverage object, which represents the test coverage for a flow or process by a given Apex method. The developer can use SOQL queries to retrieve the FlowTestCoverage records for the flows and processes that are included in the Change Set, and calculate the overall test coverage percentage. The developer can also use the Tooling API to create, update, or delete FlowTestCoverage records.

Option A is incorrect because the Flow properties page does not show the test coverage of the flow or process. Option B is incorrect because the code Coverage Setup page only shows the test coverage of Apex classes and triggers, not flows or processes. Option C is incorrect because the Apex testresult class only provides information about the test execution results, not the test coverage of flows or processes.

References: FlowTestCoverage | Tooling API | Salesforce Developers, How to Invoke Apex from Flows Using InvocableMethod Annotation, How can a developer check the test coverage of active process builder and flows deploying them in a changing set?

The deployment passes because the Apex code has the required 75% code coverage. In Salesforce, you need at least 75% of your Apex code to be covered by unit tests, and all of those tests must complete successfully. When deploying to a production environment, every unit test in your organization namespace is executed. Since the developer’s test method covers 81% of the Apex code, it meets the minimum requirement for deployment.

Option A is incorrect because the Apex trigger has code coverage, as it is invoked by the test method that calls MyClass.myStaticMethod. The trigger and the method have the same logic, so the test method effectively tests both.

Option B is incorrect because assertions are not mandatory for deployment, although they are highly recommended for verifying the expected outcomes of the test cases. Assertions are statements that compare the actual results of the test with the expected results. If an assertion fails, the test fails.

Option D is incorrect because including both classes and the trigger in the deployment is not sufficient to ensure code coverage. The developer still needs to write and run unit tests that cover the Apex code.

References: Apex Testing), Deploying Apex to a Salesforce Production Organization)

 The Developer Console is a tool that allows developers to access and edit code, execute SOQL and SOSL queries, debug and test code, view logs and performance data, and more. The Developer Console can help troubleshoot performance issues by providing information such as execution time, heap size, CPU time, and limits usage for each line of code. The Developer Console also has features such as the Performance Tree, the Execution Overview, and the Timeline View that can help identify and optimize the performance bottlenecks. The Developer Console is different from the other tools listed, as they are not designed for performance troubleshooting. AppExchange is a marketplace for Salesforce apps and components. Salesforce CLI is a command-line interface for managing Salesforce projects and orgs. Visual Studio Code IDE is an integrated development environment that supports Salesforce extensions and tools. References:

• Developer Console from the Salesforce Developer Center
• Troubleshoot Performance Using the Developer Console from the Salesforce Trailhead
• Developer Console Basics from the Salesforce Help

 To mark each Account in a List as either Active or Inactive based on the LastModified field value being more than 90 days, the developer should use a for loop, with an if/else statement inside. This technique allows the developer to iterate over the list of accounts, check the condition for each account, and update the field value accordingly. A switch statement is not suitable for this scenario, because it can only compare one expression with a set of constant values, not a range of values or a date calculation. An if/else statement without a for loop would not be able to process the entire list of accounts, only one account at a time.

References:

• : Loops
• : Switch Statements
• : If-Else Statements

 To avoid exceeding the view state limit of 170 KB12, the developer should implement pagination with a StandardSetController. A StandardSetController allows the developer to display a set of records in a Visualforce page with built-in support for pagination, sorting, and filtering3. By using a StandardSetController, the developer can limit the number of records that are displayed and stored in the view state at a time, and provide navigation buttons for the user to access the next or previous set of records.

The other options are not correct because:

• A. Use Lazy loading and a transient List variable. This option is not effective, because lazy loading means that the data is loaded only when it is needed, but it still requires storing the data in the view state. A transient List variable is not included in the view state, but it also means that the data is lost after each request and has to be queried again, which can affect performance and consistency.
• B. Use JavaScript remoting with SOQL Offset. This option is not recommended, because JavaScript remoting does not support pagination, sorting, or filtering, and requires additional JavaScript code to handle the callbacks and display the data. SOQL Offset is also limited to 2,000 records, and can cause performance issues when used with large data sets.
• C. Implement pagination with an OffsetController. This option is not optimal, because an OffsetController is a custom controller that uses SOQL Offset to implement pagination. As mentioned above, SOQL Offset has limitations and drawbacks that make it unsuitable for large data sets.

References:

• : Optimize the View State
• : Create More Complex Visualforce Pages with Increased View State Limit
• : StandardSetController Class
• : [Transient Keyword]
• : [SOQL OFFSET Clause]

The correct answer is option B. Use Security.stripInaccessible to remove fields inaccessible to the current user. This method takes a list of records and an access type (READ, UPDATE, CREATE, or UPSERT) and returns a new list of records with the inaccessible fields removed. This way, the Lightning web component can display the records without throwing any errors due to field-level security.

Option A is incorrect because WITH SECURITY_ENFORCED is a SOQL clause that enforces field-level security on all fields in the query. If the query returns any fields that the user does not have access to, the query will throw an exception. This is not desirable for the Lightning web component, as it will prevent the component from displaying any records at all.

Option C is incorrect because Lightning Data Service is a layer of Lightning web components that provides access to Salesforce data and metadata, cache management, and data synchronization. However, Lightning Data Service does not automatically handle field-level security for the records it retrieves. The developer still needs to use Security.stripInaccessible or another method to remove the inaccessible fields.

Option D is incorrect because Lightning Locker Service is a security feature that isolates Lightning web components from each other and from the rest of the page. It does not enforce sharing rules or field-level security for the data that the components access.

References: Security.stripInaccessible (Apex Developer Guide)), WITH SECURITY_ENFORCED (Apex Developer Guide)), Lightning Data Service Basics (Trailhead)), Lightning Locker (Lightning Web Components Developer Guide))

Scratch orgs are short-term Salesforce environments that you can spin up to work on a feature. They are source-driven, disposable, and fully configurable. To create scratch orgs, you need to use the Salesforce CLI, which is a command-line tool that lets you interact with Salesforce orgs and perform various tasks. You can use the Salesforce CLI to create a scratch org definition file, which specifies the features and settings of the scratch org, and then run the force:org:create command to create the scratch org. You can also use the force:org:open command to open the scratch org in a browser without logging in.

References: The use of Salesforce CLI to create scratch orgs can be referenced in the Salesforce Platform Developer I learning documents, specifically in modules that cover Salesforce DX and scratch orgs, such as:

• Get Started with Salesforce DX
• Scratch Orgs
• Develop in Scratch Orgs

To declare variables that cannot change once a value is assigned, the developer can use the final keyword, which means that the variable can only be assigned a value once, either when declaring the variable or inside a constructor1. For example:

Java

// Declare a final variable and assign its value when declaring

final Integer creditAmount = 1000;

// Declare a final variable and assign its value in the constructor

final Integer debtAmount;

public MyClass() {

debtAmount = 500;

}

AI-generated code. Review and use carefully. More info on FAQ.

The developer cannot use the static keyword to achieve the same effect, as static variables are not final by default. Static variables are used to store class-level information that is shared across all instances of the class, and they can be changed by any method in the class or by external classes2. For example:

Java

// Declare a static variable and assign its value in the class constructor

static Integer creditAmount;

public MyClass() {

creditAmount = 1000;

}

// Declare a static variable and assign its value in a static initializer

static Integer debtAmount;

static {

debtAmount = 500;

}

// Change the value of the static variables in a method

public void updateAmounts(Integer newCredit, Integer newDebt) {

creditAmount = newCredit;

debtAmount = newDebt;

}

AI-generated code. Review and use carefully. More info on FAQ.

References:

• Using the final Keyword | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• Using the static Keyword | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers

You can render any page as a PDF by adding the renderAs attribute to the  component, and specifying "pdf" as the rendering service1. For example: . You can also use the PageReference.getContentAsPDF() method in Apex to render a Visualforce page as PDF data, and then use Apex code to convert that PDF data to an email attachment, a document, a Chatter post, and so on2. References:

• 1: Render a Visualforce Page as a PDF File | Visualforce Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 2: Render a Visualforce Page as PDF from Apex | Visualforce Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers

Quick Actions are the recommended way to create records with prepopulated values in Lightning Experience. They allow the developer to define the fields and values that should be populated when the user clicks the action. They also support different layouts and visibility rules for different profiles and record types. Quick Actions can be added to the page layout, the utility bar, or the global actions menu. References:

• [Quick Actions]: Learn how to create actions to automate common tasks and enhance the user experience.
• [Create Object-Specific Quick Actions]: Learn how to create quick actions that are specific to a particular object, such as creating a contact from an account.
• [Create Global Quick Actions]: Learn how to create quick actions that are not tied to a specific object, such as creating a task or logging a call.

The correct answer is to move all of the logic to a Queueable class that queries for and updates the Assets and call it from the trigger. This is because when dealing with bulk data, triggers can often hit governor limits. By utilizing a Queueable class, the developer can perform asynchronous processing which helps in handling more records and avoiding hitting governor limits. References: The Salesforce Platform Developer I Learning documents emphasize on understanding the governor limits and how to write efficient code that can handle bulk data without hitting these limits. Asynchronous processing like Batch Apex, Future methods, or Queueable Apex is often recommended for bulk data handling. You can find more information on these topics in the following links: Apex Developer Guide, Trailhead

To improve runtime performance of Apex calls by caching result on the client, the most efficient way to implement this and follow best practices is to decorate the server-side method with @AuraEnabled (cacheable=true). This annotation enables the method to be called from a Lightning web component and also caches the method results on the client. This reduces the number of server requests and improves the responsiveness of the component. The cacheable attribute can only be set to true for methods that are read-only and don’t change any data. The other options are not correct because:

• Decorating the server-side method with @AuraEnabled (total=true) does not cache the result on the client, but rather indicates that the method returns the total number of records that match a query.
• Calling the setStorable() method on the action in the JavaScript client-side code is a deprecated way of caching the result on the client for Aura components, not Lightning web components. It also requires more code than using the cacheable attribute.
• Setting a cookie in the browser for use upon return to the page is not a reliable way of caching the result on the client, as cookies can be deleted, expired, or blocked by the browser. It also does not leverage the built-in caching mechanism of the Lightning platform. References:
• Client-Side Caching
• Call Apex Methods from Lightning Web Components
• Free Salesforce Platform Developer 1 Practice Exam (With Answers)

The Salesforce Lightning Design System (SLDS) is a CSS framework that provides a look and feel that is consistent with Lightning Experience1. By incorporating the SLDS CSS stylesheet into the JavaScript applications, the developer can apply the same styles and components that are used in Lightning Experience, without having to rewrite the entire application or change the underlying logic. This is the quickest and most effective way to update the custom applications to match the Lightning Experience UI.

The other options are not as quick or effective as option A. Option B would require rewriting all the Visualforce pages as Lightning components, which would be time-consuming and complex, especially if the applications use a third-party JavaScript framework that is not compatible with Lightning Web Components. Option C is not valid, as there is no such attribute as enableLightning in the Visualforce page definition. Option D would enable the Visualforce pages to be accessed from Lightning Experience, Lightning Communities, and the mobile app, but it would not change the appearance or behavior of the pages to match the Lightning Experience UI. References:

• Style with Lightning Design System - Salesforce Developers
• Using the Salesforce Lightning Design System in Apps - Salesforce Developers

To check the code coverage of a class after running all tests, the developer should view the code coverage percentage for the class using the Overall Code Coverage panel in the Developer Console Tests tab. This panel shows the code coverage for each class and trigger in the org, as well as the overall code coverage percentage. The developer can also double-click on a class or trigger name to see the code coverage details, such as which lines are covered or not covered by tests.

The other options are not correct because:

• A. View the Code Coverage column in the list view on the Apex Classes page. This option only shows the code coverage percentage for each class, but not the details of which lines are covered or not covered by tests. It also does not show the code coverage for triggers or the overall code coverage percentage.
• B. View the Class Test Percentage tab on the Apex Class fist view m Salesforce Setup. This option does not exist in Salesforce Setup. There is no such tab or view for Apex classes.
• D. Select and run the class on the Apex Test Execution page in the Developer Console. This option only runs the test methods in the selected class, but does not show the code coverage for the class or other classes and triggers in the org.

References:

• : Testing and Code Coverage
• : Developer Console

To deploy Apex code to a production environment, the developer must ensure that the Apex classes have at least 75% code coverage org-wide, and that all triggers have some code coverage. This means that at least one line of code must be executed for the Apex trigger during the test execution. Code coverage is a measure of how many lines of code are executed by the test methods. Code coverage helps to ensure that the Apex code works as expected and that it does not break any existing functionality. Code coverage also helps to prevent deploying code that has not been tested or that has bugs. All methods in the test classes must use @isTest or the testMethod keyword, but this is not a factor for deploying the modification, as it is a requirement for creating the test classes in the first place. The @isTest annotation and the testMethod keyword are equivalent ways of marking a method as a test method. Test methods are methods that verify the functionality of the Apex code and do not count against the code limit of the organization. References:

• Apex Developer Guide: Testing Apex, pages 1-2
• Trailhead: Platform Developer I Certification Study Guide: Apex Testing, unit 6

The correct answers are option C and option D. Lightning Web Components are self-contained and reusable units of an application that follow web standards and can leverage modern web features. They also benefit from a rich component ecosystem that includes standard components, custom components, and third-party components. Visualforce, on the other hand, is a legacy framework that relies on server-side rendering and proprietary markup. It does not offer the same level of modularity, performance, and interoperability as Lightning Web Components. References: The information can be referenced from the official Salesforce documentation and learning materials available on Trailhead. Specifically, it aligns with the objectives outlined in Lightning Web Components Basics, where the benefits and features of Lightning Web Components are discussed. Lightning Web Components Basics

When multiple triggers are associated to the same object and event, such as before insert, Salesforce does not guarantee the order of execution of those triggers. Therefore, it is best practice to avoid having multiple triggers for the same object and event, and instead consolidate the logic into a single trigger handler class. This way, you can control the order of execution of your trigger logic and avoid unexpected results or conflicts. References: Triggers and Order of Execution, Best Practices for Implementing Salesforce Triggers, Trigger Order Of Execution In Apex

The statement Database.insert (records, false) should be used to allow some of the records in a list of records to be inserted if others fail to be inserted. This statement uses the Database class method insert with the allOrNone parameter set to false. This means that the operation allows partial success, and if some records fail, the remainder of the DML operation can still succeed. The method returns a list of Database.SaveResult objects, which contain the status and error information for each record. The developer can use this information to handle the failed records accordingly. The other statements either use the standard DML statement insert, which rolls back the entire transaction if any record fails, or use the allOrNone parameter set to true, which has the same effect as the standard DML statement. References: Database Class, Inserting and Updating Records, Database.insert(list,false) in apex

This SOQL query will get the record for the Viridian City gym and its trainers by using a subquery to fetch the related records from the Trainer_c object. The subquery uses the relationship name Trainer_c, which is the plural form of the custom object name with a suffix of __c. The main query uses the Name field of the Gym_c object to filter by the gym name. The query also uses the correct syntax for SOQL, which requires the use of the equal sign (=) for comparison operators, and single quotes (') for string literals. References: SOQL SELECT Syntax, [SOQL Relationships Between Objects], [SOQL Subquery]

https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.soql_sosl.meta/soql_sosl/sforce_api_calls_soql_relationships.htm : https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.soql_sosl.meta/soql_sosl/sforce_api_calls_soql_select_subquery.htm

In this scenario, a formula field is the most appropriate choice to calculate the ratio between rejected and approved timesheets for a given project. This is because formula fields automatically calculate their values based on other fields’ values, requiring no additional maintenance or manual intervention when the related fields are updated. They are used for read-only purposes and are visible to users if they have read access to the object containing the formula field. References: The use of formula fields for automatic calculations can be referenced in Salesforce’s official documentation and learning modules, specifically under the section that covers objects and fields in Salesforce (Objects and Fields.

The developer should implement a callout from a queueable class called from a trigger to accomplish this. A callout is a request that is sent from Salesforce to an external service, such as a REST endpoint in the ERP system1. A queueable class is an Apex class that implements the Queueable interface and can be executed asynchronously by adding it to the Apex job queue2. A trigger is an Apex script that executes before or after specific data manipulation language (DML) events on a Salesforce object, such as insert, update, or delete3.

The reason why this option is the best is because:

• A callout from a future method called from a trigger (option A) is not recommended, because future methods have some limitations, such as not being able to pass sObjects as parameters, not being able to chain future calls, and not being able to monitor the status of the execution4.
• A callout from a schedulable class called from a scheduled job (option B) is not suitable, because scheduled jobs run at a specified time or interval, and not in response to a data change event, such as setting the order status to "Placed"5.
• A flow with a callout from an invocable method (option C) is not feasible, because flows cannot be triggered by data changes, but only by user actions, such as clicking a button, or by process automation tools, such as Process Builder or Workflow.

References:

• 1: Callouts | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 2: Queueable Apex | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 3: Triggers | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 4: Using the Future Annotation | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 5: Schedulable Interface | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• : [Flow Trigger Workflow Actions | Salesforce Help]

A developer should use an Apex REST class to satisfy this requirement. An Apex REST class can expose a custom REST API that can be called from an external system, such as an order management system, to retrieve data in real time and return it in JSON or XML format1. The developer can then use the @InvocableMethod annotation on a method in the Apex REST class to make it available as an action in Flow Builder2. The developer can then use this action in the multi-screen flow to display the list of order number and dates on the screen for the call center agents. References:

• 1: Apex REST Methods | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 2: Customize Order Management Flows Unit | Salesforce Trailhead

The Order Number field should be defined as an External ID and Unique field in Salesforce. This is because the Order Number is a unique identifier that comes from an external system and needs to be matched with the corresponding order records in Salesforce. An External ID field allows you to use the Order Number as a foreign key for data integration and upsert operations. A Unique field ensures that no two order records have the same Order Number in Salesforce. References:

• Order Fields - Salesforce
• Order | Salesforce Field Reference Guide | Salesforce Developers
• Allow Standard Order Number Field to be Overwritten - Salesforce
• How to Create Number Field Type in Salesforce

• Add a new Create Records element. This is true because the developer needs to create a new Contact record and store its ID on the Opportunity record. A Create Records element allows the developer to create one or more records of a specific object type and assign values to the fields of those records1.
• Add a new Get Records element. This is false because the developer does not need to query any existing records from the database. A Get Records element allows the developer to find and store one or more records of a specific object type that meet certain criteria2.
• Add a new Update Records element. This is false because the developer already has an Update Records element in the flow that updates the Opportunity record. A Update Records element allows the developer to update one or more records of a specific object type that meet certain criteria3.
• Add a new Roll back Records element. This is false because the developer does not need to undo any changes made by the flow. A Roll back Records element allows the developer to roll back the changes made by the flow to the database if an error occurs.

References:

• 1: Create Records
• 2: Get Records
• 3: Update Records
• : Roll Back Records

 A developer can execute tests in an org using the following methods:

• Setup Menu: By browsing to setup->Apex Test Execution, the developer can select and run tests from the user interface1.
• SalesforceDX: By using the Salesforce CLI on the command line, the developer can run tests in an org using the force:apex:test:run command2. This command can also be used from Salesforce Extensions for VS Code or from within third-party continuous integration tools, such as Jenkins or CircleCI2.
• Tooling API: The developer can also run tests using the Tooling REST API. Use the /runTestsAsynchronous/ and /runTestsSynchronous/ endpoints to run tests asynchronously or synchronously3.

References:

• 1: Get a Refresh on Testing Unit | Salesforce Trailhead
• 2: Run Apex Tests | Salesforce DX Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 3: What are three ways for a developer to execute tests in an Org?

The correct answers are C and D because they are the minimum requirements for deploying Apex code from a sandbox to production. According to the Salesforce documentation1, “To deploy Apex or package it for the AppExchange, at least 75% of your Apex code must be covered by unit tests, and all of those tests must complete successfully.” Additionally, “Every test method must use the System.assert methods to verify that the expected behavior occurs.” The other options are incorrect because they are not mandatory for deployment, but rather best practices or recommendations. Deploying during business hours may not be feasible or desirable for some organizations, depending on their availability and change management processes. Having at least one line of test coverage for each trigger is not enough to ensure code quality and functionality, and may not meet the 75% code coverage requirement. References:

• Apex Testing
• Deploy Apex
• Trailhead: Apex Testing

SOSL and SOQL are two different types of search languages in Salesforce. SOSL is a programmatic way of performing a text-based search against the search index, while SOQL is the equivalent of a SELECT SQL statement and searches the org database1. The developer should consider the following factors when deciding between SOQL and SOSL2:

• The number of records to be returned: SOSL can return up to 2,000 records from multiple objects, while SOQL can return up to 50,000 records from a single object or from multiple objects that are related to one another1.
• The speed of text searches: SOSL is generally faster than SOQL for text searches, especially if the search expression uses a CONTAINS term. SOSL can tokenize multiple terms within a field and build a search index from this, which makes SOSL searches more efficient and relevant1.
• The knowledge of the object or field: SOSL is useful when the developer does not know which object or field the data resides in, and wants to retrieve data for a specific term across multiple objects and fields. SOQL is useful when the developer knows which objects the data resides in, and wants to retrieve data from a single object or from multiple objects that are related to one another1.
• The type of data to be retrieved: SOSL supports text, email, and phone fields, and can retrieve data that is in Chinese, Japanese, Korean, or Thai. SOQL supports number, date, or checkbox fields, and can retrieve data from big objects1. References:
• Introduction to SOQL and SOSL | SOQL and SOSL Reference | Salesforce Developers
• Difference between SOSL and SOQL search types - Salesforce

The code snippet provided in the image is a Salesforce Apex code that is used to create new accounts in a Salesforce org. Initially, there are five existing accounts. In the provided Apex code, one account named ‘MyAccount’ is created and inserted into the org, making the total six accounts. Then, a loop is executed to create and add ten more new accounts (named ‘New Account 1’ to ‘New Account 10’) into the org using a do-while loop that runs while x is less than 10 (starting from x=1). So, after executing this code, there will be an additional eleven accounts added to the initial five accounts making it a total of fifteen (5 initial + 11 new = 16) accounts in the org. References: The explanation can be corroborated with knowledge of Apex programming on Salesforce’s official learning platform Trailhead and related documentation.

• [Apex Basics for Admins]
• [Apex Developer Guide]
• [Developer Console]

Aura Components and Lightning Web Components are two technologies that are built on a framework that fully supports the business requirement of building a responsive application capable of responding to touch events, that will be executed on stateful clients. Both technologies are part of the Lightning Component Framework, which is a modern UI framework for developing dynamic web apps for mobile and desktop devices. The Lightning Component Framework uses standard web technologies, such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and Web Components, to create reusable and interoperable components that can adapt to different screen sizes, devices, and orientations. The framework also provides features such as data binding, event handling, state management, and server-side integration, to enable developers to create rich and interactive user interfaces.

Aura Components are the original technology for creating Lightning components. They use a custom XML-based markup language, Aura, to define the component structure and behavior. Aura Components can respond to touch events using the ui:input component, which provides a generic input element that can handle different input types, such as text, number, date, checkbox, radio, toggle, and email. The ui:input component also supports touch gestures, such as swipe, tap, and pinch, by using the ontouchstart, ontouchend, ontouchmove, and ontouchcancel attributes. Aura Components are stateful, meaning that they maintain their state on the client-side and communicate with the server only when necessary. This reduces the network traffic and improves the performance and user experience.

Lightning Web Components are the newer technology for creating Lightning components. They use standard HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to define the component structure and behavior. Lightning Web Components can respond to touch events using the standard HTML input element, which provides a native input element that can handle different input types, such as text, number, date, checkbox, radio, toggle, and email. The input element also supports touch gestures, such as swipe, tap, and pinch, by using the standard touch event listeners, such as touchstart, touchend, touchmove, and touchcancel. Lightning Web Components are also stateful, meaning that they maintain their state on the client-side and communicate with the server only when necessary. This reduces the network traffic and improves the performance and user experience.

Visualforce Components and Visualforce Pages are two technologies that are not built on a framework that fully supports the business requirement of building a responsive application capable of responding to touch events, that will be executed on stateful clients. Visualforce Components are reusable UI elements that can be used in Visualforce Pages. Visualforce Pages are web pages that can display and interact with Salesforce data and logic. Visualforce Components and Pages use a custom XML-based markup language, Visualforce, to define the UI elements and behavior. Visualforce Components and Pages can be made responsive by using the Salesforce Lightning Design System (SLDS), which is a collection of design guidelines, components, and resources that enable developers to create consistent and beautiful user interfaces across devices. However, Visualforce Components and Pages do not have native support for touch events, and require custom JavaScript code to handle them. Visualforce Components and Pages are also stateless, meaning that they do not maintain their state on the client-side and communicate with the server on every request. This increases the network traffic and affects the performance and user experience.

References:

• Lightning Component Framework
• Aura Components Developer Guide
• Lightning Web Components Developer Guide
• Visualforce Developer Guide
• Salesforce Lightning Design System

The sfdx commands that can be used to add testing data to a Developer sandbox are forced: data:bulk:upsert and forced: data:tree:upsert. The forced: data:bulk:upsert command uses Bulk API 2.0 to upsert records from a CSV file into an org1. The forced: data:tree:upsert command uses the SObject Tree Save API to import records from a JSON file that describes objects and relationships2. The forced: data:object:upsert command is not valid, and the forced: data:async:upsert command does not exist.

References:

• Salesforce CLI Command Reference - force:data:bulk:upsert
• Salesforce CLI Command Reference - force:data:tree:upsert

The developer should use the lightning-input-field component to support the security requirements. This component respects the field-level security and sharing settings of the Salesforce org, and displays the appropriate data to different types of users. The other components do not have this feature, and may expose sensitive data to unauthorized users. References: Lightning Web Components Developer Guide), Secure Coding Guide)

Using the Database method with all or None set to false allows the developer to insert the Task records without throwing an exception if some of them fail. This way, the integration can read the task records that were successfully inserted, and the developer can handle the failed records in the trigger or elsewhere. The other options are either too disruptive to the business logic (A and C) or do not prevent the exception from occurring (B). References: Database Methods, Bulk Exception Handling, Trigger Exceptions

A developer should use the Salesforce CLI to script the deployment and unit test execution as part of continuous integration. The Salesforce CLI is a powerful command line interface that simplifies development and build automation when working with your Salesforce org. You can use the Salesforce CLI to perform various tasks such as creating and deploying metadata, running Apex tests, retrieving debug logs, and managing orgs1. References:

• Salesforce CLI
• Certification - Platform Developer I - Trailhead
• SALESFORCE CERTIFIED PLATFORM DEVELOPER I